Infinity War

The following graph creator tool is very helpful in visualizing test cases and debugging your code!

Graph Creator

Executing and Debugging:

• You can run your program through an IDE of your choice (ex: VSCode) or you can use the Terminal to compile and execute.
• We suggest running through VSCode because it will give you the option to debug.
• If you choose the Terminal, from InfinityWar directory/folder:
  • Compile all files: javac -d bin src/avengers/*.java
  • Run ForgeStormBreaker: java -cp bin avengers.ForgeStormBreaker forgestormbreaker.in forgestormbreaker.out
  • Here, forgestormbreaker.in and forgestormbreaker.out are the input and output files, respectively.
  • The other files can be ran in a similar way in the Terminal.
  • Details for compiling and running are found in the begining each file.

Implementation Details:

• In each given Java class, you will read from a given input file (passed in as a command line argument), and write to a given output file (passed in as a command line argument).
• DO NOT change the names of any of the given Java files, or the project structure itself (do not change directory names or create new directories).
• DO NOT remove the package statement from any of the given input files.
• YOU MAY (and should) create your own classes in the src/avengers folder.
• YOU MAY import “java.util.*”.
• Make sure any new classes have a package statement: package avengers;
• The classes that you create MAY NOT have spaces in their names.
• In order to grade a problem, we run the corresponding Java class and verify the output file. This means you have full freedom in your project structure, as long as our provided classes output the correct answer to the correct output file. Take this opportunity to practice your project design skills, and write clean code that avoids redundancy.

StdIn, StdOut, and StdRandom:

• StdIn, StdOut, and StdRandom are classes from the code libraries described and implemented in the textbook Algorithms, 4th ed. written by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne.
• Use StdIn.setFile(fileName) to set the current input file you want to read from.
• You can now use methods like StdIn.readInt(), StdIn.readString() and StdIn.readLine() to operate on the input file as if it was standard input.
• The methods StdIn.readInt() and StdIn.readString() actually leave the newline character unread, so if you use StdIn.readLine() after one of these methods, it will read this character rather than the next line. If you want to read the next line with StdIn.readLine(), you will need to call StdIn.readLine() once to read the newline character and then again to read the next line. StdIn.readInt() and StdIn.readString() ignore spaces and newlines by default.
• Use StdOut.setFile(fileName) to set the current output file you want to write to. It creates the file if it doesn’t already exist.
• You can now use methods like StdOut.print() and StdOut.println() to operate on the output file as if it was standard output.
• The autograder ignores empty lines and extra spaces that your output files may have.
• Use StdRandom.setSeed(seed) to initialize a random number generator using the given seed.
• Use StdRandom.uniform() to generate a random number from 0 to 1, using the seed.

Java Collections Data Structures:

• ArrayList
  • Definition: an ordered array-like structure with no size limit, as it automatically resizes.
  • You can initialize an empty ArrayList named “name” which holds objects of type “Type” with ArrayList name = new ArrayList();
  • For example, an ArrayList of integers named “arrList” is initialized with ArrayList arrList = new ArrayList<>();
  • You can add a new element of type “Type” to the end of your ArrayList in average case O(1) time with name.add(newElement);
  • You can get the element at some index of your ArrayList in O(1) time with name.get(index);
  • You can set some index to some new element in O(1) time with name.set(index, newElement);
  • You can check if the ArrayList contains some element (returns a boolean) in O(n) time with name.contains(element)
• HashMap
  • Definition: an unordered data structure which stores and retrieves key value pairs
  • You can initialize an empty HashMap named “name” that maps objects of type “Key” to objects of type “Value” with HashMap name = new HashMap<>();
  • For example, a HashMap named “map” which maps strings to integers is initialized with HashMap map = new HashMap<>();
  • You can add a new key value pair, or update an existing key with a new value in average case O(1) time with name.put(key, value);
  • You can check if the HashMap contains some key in average case O(1) time (returns a boolean) with name.containsKey(key)
  • You can check the value of some key in the HashMap in average case O(1) time with name.get(key)
  • You can iterate over all the keys in the HashMap with for (Key key : name.keySet()) where Key is the type of keys in the HashMap.
• HashSet
  • Definition: an unordered data structure which only stores keys.
  • You can initialize an empty HashSet named “name” that stores objects of type “Key” with HashSet name = new HashSet<>();
  • For example, a HashSet named “set” which stores strings is initialized with HashSet set = new HashSet<>();
  • You can add a new key to the hash set in average case O(1) time with name.add(key)
  • You can check if a key exists in the hash set in average case O(1) time (returns a boolean) with name.contains(key)
  • You can remove a key in average case O(1) time with name.remove(key)
  • You can iterate over all the keys in the HashSet with for (Key key : name) where Key is the type of keys in the HashSet.
• LinkedList
  • Definition: a list of nodes that have pointers to adjacent nodes. The Java Implementation is a doubly-linked list.
  • You can initialize an empty LinkedList named “name” that stores objects of type “Element” with: LinkedList name = new LinkedList<>();
  • For example, a LinkedList named “list” which stores strings is initialized with: LinkedList list = new LinkedList<>();
  • You can add a new element to the end of the linked list with: name.add(element);
  • You can add a new element at a specific index in the linked list (this operation is O(n) in the worst case) with: name.add(index, element);
  • You can check if an element exists in the linked list (this operation is O(n) in the worst case) with: name.contains(element);
  • You can remove a specific element (this operation is O(n) in the worst case) with: name.remove(element);
  • You can remove an element at a specific index (this operation is O(n) in the worst case) with: name.remove(index);
  • You can retrieve the element at a specific index (this operation is O(n) in the worst case) with: name.get(index);
  • You can iterate over all the elements in the LinkedList with: for (Element element : name) where Element is the type of elements in the LinkedList.
• Dequeue
  • Definition: a double-ended queue that is a combination of a Stack and a Queue.
  • You can initialize an empty ArrayDeque named “name” that stores objects of type “Element” with: ArrayDeque name = new ArrayDeque<>();
  • You can add at the end with name.addLast(element); and at the start with name.addFirst(element). Also, peekFirst() and peekLast() let you see the elements.
  • You can remove from the end with name.removeLast(); and remove from the beginning with name.removeFirst(). name.contains(x) determines if x is in name.

In the MCU (Marvel Cinematic Universe), right after the Big Bang occurred there were 6 singularities contained within Infinity Stones that were spread across the infant universe.

Infinity Stones:

• Space Stone: Allows users to teleport.
• Time Stone: Allows users to travel through and manipulate time.
• Reality Stone: Allows users to alter the surroundings around them.
• Power Stone: Allows users increase their strength and control energy.
• Soul Stone: Allows users to control the essence of other individuals.
• Mind Stone: Allows users to increase their intelligence and control other minds.

Before the events of Avengers: Infinity War, a titan named Thanos witnessed the death of his home planet due to overpopulation. Reeling from his experience, Thanos made it his life mission to exterminate half of all life in the universe to delay overpopulation on other worlds like his.

Thanos determined that using the 6 Infinity Stones which he could hold in his Infinity Gauntlet, a simple snap of his fingers would painlessly eliminate 50% of all life, and he can finally rest in peace victorious.

Locations:

• NYC: New York City on Earth.
• Asgard: Homeworld of the Asgardians (demi-God like warriors who look over Asgard, Earth, and other locations).
• Titan: Homeworld of the Titans (advanced beings who nearly went extinct due to inequality and shortages on their planet).
• Wakanda: An African Stronghold on Earth.
• Knowhere: An abandoned, ruleless mining location in Space.
• Nidavellir: Home of the Dwarves, origin of many Asgardian weapons such as Thor’s hammer (Mjolnir), the Stormbreaker, and Thanos’ Infinity Gauntlet.

Main Avengers:

• Thor: King of Asgard, known as the God of Thunder. Can control lightning and electricity, but lost his hammer when his evil sister Hela destroyed it.
• Captain America: A serum-enhanced super soldier.
• Iron Man: A scientific genius who invented his Iron-Man suit and many forms of nanotech and advanced weaponry.
• Hulk: A genius scientist who, because of exposure to gamma radiation, typically transforms into a monster when enraged or agitated known as the Hulk. However, he is unable to transform into the Hulk during the film but still helps the Avengers.
• Hawkeye: A master marksman who has insanely good accuracy.
• Black Widow: A highly trained spy and infiltration agent.
• Scarlet Witch: A girl who was experimented on using the Mind Stone and thus can harness magic and engage in hypnosis and telekinesis.

Gaurdians of the Galaxy:

• Starlord: The half-human, half-Celestial leader of the Guardians who was abducted from Earth as a child and raised by a group of alien thieves and smugglers called the Ravagers.
• Mantis: A girl with empathic powers who was previously saved by the Guardians.
• Gamora: An orphan from an alien world and was subsequently raised by Thanos, and is seeking redemption for her past crimes.
• Nebula: An adopted daughter of Thanos who was raised with Gamora as siblings.
• Drax: A warrior in search of vengeance against Thanos for killing his family.
• Rocket: A genetically-engineered raccoon-based bounty hunter, mercenary, and master of weapons and battle tactics.
• Groot: A tree-like humanoid who can grow branch-like limbs to attack its enemies.

Other Characters:

• Black Panther: The king of the African nation of Wakanda who gained his enhanced strength by ingesting the Heart-Shaped Herb.
• Dr. Strange: A former neurosurgeon who, after a car accident that led to a journey of healing, discovered the hidden world of magic and alternate dimensions and became a Master of the Mystic Arts (basically a lead magician).
• Loki: Thor’s brother who is killed early on in the film.
• Elitri: King of the Dwarves of Nidavellir, and weaponsmith for the Asgardians.
• Winter Soldier: An enhanced soldier and Rogers' ally and best friend who reemerged as a brainwashed assassin after being thought to have been killed in action during World War II.
• Spiderman: A teenager and Stark's protégé who received spider-like abilities after being bitten by a radioactive spider.
• War Machine: An officer in the U.S. Air Force and Avenger who operate the War Machine armor that is basically an Iron Man suit augmented with extra weapons.
• Ebony Maw: A telekinetic alien who is very loyal to Thanos.
• Cull Obsidian: The most powerful of Thanos’ children; functions as a tank like the Hulk.
• Proxima Midnight: An expert combatant and owned a spear created from a star trapped in a singularity by Thanos himself.
• Corvus Glave: Husband of Proxima Midnight, is immortal as long as his blade is intact.

MLA Citation for Algorithms, 4th ed., which was used for StdIn, StdOut, and StdRandom:

Sedgewick, Robert, and Kevin Wayne. Algorithms, 4th ed., Addison-Wesley Professional, 2011. Web.

MLA Citation for MCU:

"Marvel Cinematic Universe." Marvel Studios, LLC, 2023.

MLA Citation for Avengers: Infinity War:

Russo, Anthony, director. Avengers: Infinity War. Marvel Studios, 2018.

MLA Citation for Marvel Entertainment:

Marvel Entertainment, LLC, 2023.

MLA Citation for Marvel Studios:

Marvel Studios, LLC, 2023.

MLA Citation for Marvel Website:

"Marvel.com | The Official Site for Marvel Movies, Characters, Comics, TV" Marvel Entertainment, LLC, 2023, https://www.marvel.com/. Accessed 04 Dec 2023.

MLA Citation for Disney Website:

"The Walt Disney Company." The Walt Disney Company, Disney, 2023, www.thewaltdisneycompany.com.

MLA Citation for Marvel Universe Entertainment Youtube Channel (used for video clips):

"Marvel Universe Entertainment." YouTube, YouTube, 04 Dec 2023, www.youtube.com/@Marvel-Universe-Entertainment.

MLA Citation for Wikipedia Page for the MCU:

"Marvel Cinematic Universe." Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 04 Dec. 2023, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvel_Cinematic_Universe.

MLA Citation for Marvel Fandom Wikipedia:

Marvel Cinematic Universe Wiki." Fandom, 04 Dec. 2023, marvelcinematicuniverse.fandom.com.